Process Instrumentation

Bernoulli’s Equation – Formula, Applications & Example Problems Explained

Fluids like water and air carry energy when they move. This energy can appear as pressure, speed, or height.  Daniel Bernoulli, a scientist in the.

Learn More

5 Common Pressure Gauge Installation Mistakes Technicians Make

Pressure Gauge Installation Mistakes: Introduction Pressure gauges are some of the most widely used instruments in industries. From oil and gas to food processing plants,.

Learn More

What Is a Functional Safety Assessment (FSA)?

Functional Safety Assestment (FSA) Introduction In modern process industries, safety is not optional but it is essential. Refineries, chemical plants, and power facilities deal with hazardous materials,.

Learn More

Bourdon Tube Pressure Gauges: Working Principle Explained

Introduction: Bourdon Tube Pressure Gauges Pressure is one of the most important things we measure in industries. Whether it is in pipelines, boilers, or machines, knowing.

Learn More

Reed Switch Working Principle

What is a Reed Switch? A reed switch is a tiny but powerful device that has found its way into countless everyday applications. From door.

Learn More

Paddle Type Level Switch Working Principle

Paddle Type Level Switch : Introduction Paddle Type Level Switch is a device used for level detection of powder, grains, or bulk materials in silos, hoppers, and.

Learn More

Zero and Span Adjustments: How Instrument Calibration Works

Before understanding zero and span concept, let us first understand linearity. The main goal of calibration is to make sure an instrument’s input and output.

Learn More

Annubar Flow Meter: Working Principle Explained

What is an Annubar flow meter (averaging Pitot) Annubar Flow Meter is nothing but as a smart bar (a probe) that you insert into the pipe. It.

Learn More

What is Hammer Effect in Pressure Gauges?

Understanding Water Hammer and Its Effects on Gauges When fluids flow through pipes such as water, oil, or other liquids sudden changes to that flow.

Learn More

8 Different Types of Level Gauges

In industries like oil & gas, chemicals, water treatment & power plants, measuring the level of liquids in tanks and vessels is extremely important. The instruments used.

Learn More
What Is Cascade Control? A Quick Instrumentation Guide Why is the Restriction Orifice Placed Away from Blowdown Valve? 5 Common Pressure Gauge Mistakes Technicians Make 4–20 mA Signal in Instrumentation – The best signal 4 Types of Signals in Instrumentation: AI, AO, DI & DO 100 Flow Measurement Objective Questions and Answers 100 PLC and Automation Objective Questions and Answers
What Is Cascade Control? A Quick Instrumentation Guide Why is the Restriction Orifice Placed Away from Blowdown Valve? 5 Common Pressure Gauge Mistakes Technicians Make 4–20 mA Signal in Instrumentation – The best signal 4 Types of Signals in Instrumentation: AI, AO, DI & DO 100 Flow Measurement Objective Questions and Answers 100 PLC and Automation Objective Questions and Answers
What Is Cascade Control? A Quick Instrumentation Guide Why is the Restriction Orifice Placed Away from Blowdown Valve? 5 Common Pressure Gauge Mistakes Technicians Make 4–20 mA Signal in Instrumentation – The best signal 4 Types of Signals in Instrumentation: AI, AO, DI & DO 100 Flow Measurement Objective Questions and Answers 100 PLC and Automation Objective Questions and Answers
What Is Cascade Control? A Quick Instrumentation Guide Why is the Restriction Orifice Placed Away from Blowdown Valve? 5 Common Pressure Gauge Mistakes Technicians Make 4–20 mA Signal in Instrumentation – The best signal 4 Types of Signals in Instrumentation: AI, AO, DI & DO 100 Flow Measurement Objective Questions and Answers 100 PLC and Automation Objective Questions and Answers
What Is Cascade Control? A Quick Instrumentation Guide Why is the Restriction Orifice Placed Away from Blowdown Valve? 5 Common Pressure Gauge Mistakes Technicians Make 4–20 mA Signal in Instrumentation – The best signal 4 Types of Signals in Instrumentation: AI, AO, DI & DO 100 Flow Measurement Objective Questions and Answers 100 PLC and Automation Objective Questions and Answers